NPL&REO News

Serasa: Number of people in debt in the country reaches 73 million

The latest survey by Serasa shows that at least 73.10 million people in Brazil are in debt. The figures are for October and are the second highest of the year, after the figure recorded in April. For the organisation, the figure is an indication that the number of people in arrears is increasing.

According to the survey, Brazilians between the ages of 41 and 60 represent the largest share of the population with a restricted name, at 35.1 per cent. This is followed by the 26 to 40 age group (34.0 per cent), the over 60s (19.2 per cent) and young people aged 18 to 25 (11.8 per cent).

Original Story: Agência Brasil | Author: Flávia Albuquerque
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

NPL pile

NPL sales market reached R$7.7 bn in the 3rd quarter

The sale of non-performing loans (NPL) portfólios reached a total of 7.7 billion reais in the third quarter of 2024, a result 64% higher than in the second quarter, when it reached 4.7 billion reais. The data comes from a survey carried out by Recovery, a company in the segment belonging to the Itaú Group.

Compared to the same period in 2023, when 5 billion reais were sold, the result in the third quarter was 54% higher, which indicates that credit assignments were dammed with the arrival of the federal government’s Desenrola programme in the third quarter of 2023, according to the company’s analysis.

In 2024, the NPL market will record a total of 17.4 billion reais in non-performing portfolios sold.

Original Story: Veja Negócios | Author: Felipe Erlich
Translation and Edition: Prime Yield

NPL sales market reached R$9.7bn in the first half of the year

Recovery, an Itaú Group company and leader in the purchase and management of non-performing loans in Brazil, released its balance sheet for the first half of this year. According to the company’s survey, the sale of non-performing portfolios totalled R$9.7 billion in the first half of the year, with more than R$4.7 billion in the second quarter alone.

‘Within the NPL market, some segments have been standing out, including credit card debts, debts from digital banks and fintechs, and vehicle financing. It’s worth emphasising that these figures fluctuate over the months and years due to various factors related to the economy. It’s a natural market movement,’ explains Plínio, head of Commercial and Portfolio Acquisition at Recovery.

Looking at the market for the sale of delinquent portfolios, with a focus on credit card debts, this reached R$3.5 billion from January to June this year, R$2 billion of which between April and June alone. ‘Credit card debts are the most representative in the market for the assignment of delinquent portfolios because they reflect the general scenario of Brazilian indebtedness. The ease of contracting this type of credit and the high interest rates drive this indebtedness,’ comments Ribeiro.

The digital banks and fintechs segment, on the other hand, recorded R$1 billion and R$0.5 billion, respectively, in the first half of this year and in the first quarter. ‘These banks are making more and more progress in approving credit and this ends up causing their debt rates to rise as well. The credit assignment market is undoubtedly a way for these new banks to gain liquidity and have a healthier operation. I believe that these banks should increasingly access the assignment market,’ says the expert.

Debts from the vehicle sector totalled R$1.2 billion in the first half of the year and R$0.8 billion in the second quarter alone.

Original Story: BNews | Author: Verônica Macedo
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Debt Funds Refuse New Investors as Returns Tighten in Brazil

Some of Brazil’s biggest fund managers are taking a step back from the country’s booming market for local corporate debt. 

Part of the caution comes from the fact the central bank just began raising interest rates — an outlier, hiking just hours after the Federal Reserve cut borrowing costs in the US. The tighter conditions for borrowers add worry to what traders see as a massive compression of spreads, making the assets far less appealing, especially for higher-quality borrowers investors are crowding in to. 

The spread is already so low that Alexandre Muller, a credit portfolio manager at JGP Asset Management, has stopped raising money for 95% of his credit funds. 

“We closed the funds to preserve the quality of our invested portfolios, avoiding a dilution of spreads due to too much cash or new issuances with very low premiums,” Muller, said in an interview. JGP has 35 billion reais ($6.4 billion) under management.

Yields on Brazil’s local currency corporate bonds have fallen by almost a third in just over a year to an average 170 basis points over the interbank interest rate, known as DI. That’s down 80 points since August 2023, according to data from JGP. Spreads on AAA-rated debt slumped about 70 basis points to 80 points over the same period, separate data from Sparta Fundo de Investimentos show. 

The higher costs abroad and newfound appetite for local debt at longer maturities have boosted the appeal of sales at home, where double-digit interest rates keep investors focused on fixed-income products. Brazilian companies issued a record 207 billion reais ($36.8 billion) of local bonds in the first half of the year. That’s up 164% from the year earlier. Hard-currency corporate bond sales, meanwhile, came in at around $10 billion for the same period, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. 

“The Brazilian capital market has recently seen a surge in the debt issuance volume caused by a change in the dynamics of the market and high interest rates,” said Conor Hennebry, global head of Corporate Debt at Santander CIB. “The weak equity market lost traction and caused inflows to the debt market. This shift, along with the high liquidity from dedicated funds and investors, allowed spreads to compress.”

While it’s grown exponentially in size in the past few years — the stock of local currency corporate bonds, known as debentures, is around $200 billion, almost double the $106 billion for hard-currency notes — Brazil’s local debt market remains dominated by local players, with a large part of the trades happening over-the-counter.

‘Unique’

For Sergey Dergachev, head of emerging-market corporate debt at Union Investment Privatfonds GmbH in Frankfurt, it’s part of the dynamic of local corporate debt in emerging markets broadly. 

“It’s a very unique asset class,” he said. “It’s around 3.5 times bigger in market cap than hard currency EM corporate debt, but foreign investor presence is almost negligible due to different bankruptcy laws, different tax treatment vs. local EM sovereign debt and different liquidity situation as well as settlement procedures.”

Among the locals, JGP isn’t alone in stepping back. SulAmerica Investimentos is also closing some corporate debt funds and limiting fund-raising for others as spreads narrow, said CEO Marcelo Mello. SulAmerica is the asset management arm of one of Brazil’s largest insurance companies, and has around 76 billion reais under management. 

“We think there will be a repricing, so we have a more defensive strategy” with increased cash positions, Mello said. “Spreads are very thin, so there will be no more demand. An adjustment may be healthy.”

High-grade only

Investors are crowding into the few high-grade names available, as the high-yield debt market remains bruised following the accounting fraud scandal and subsequent default at the retailer Americanas SA in early 2023. 

“Our strategy for the coming months will be based on a main pillar: high selectivity in the choice of assets,” Sparta said in a monthly statement that cited the compressed spreads. The firm, which oversees about 15 billion reais, plans to maintain “a higher cash level and shorten the duration of the portfolio.”

Structured products, such as securitized debt instruments, are also luring investors scouring for higher returns. Others are looking for new names and expanding areas of coverage. 

But the boom has also led to the emergence of pockets of trouble, such as rising defaults in the agribusiness sector. Fiagros, investment funds backed by agricultural receivables, have been stung by growers going bankrupt at alarming rates as corn and soybean prices tumbled. 

“Fund managers today are thirsting for assets, but I don’t want to be pressured to allocate for the sake of allocating,” said Vivian Lee, Co-Chief Investment Officer and head of credit at Ibiuna Investimentos, which oversees about 19.5 billion reais. When debt sales are booming, “you need to have the discipline to stay as a spectator” if spreads fall too low, she said.

Original Story: BNN Bloomberg | Author: Giovanna Bellotti Azevedo
Edition: Prime Yield

Brazil’s Pix to overtake credit cards in e-commerce as soon as 2025, study shows

Brazil’s instant payment system Pix is seen surpassing credit cards as the leader in the local online purchase market as soon as next year, earlier than initially expected, a new study from Brazilian payments firm Ebanx showed.

Pix was launched by Brazil’s central bank at the end of 2020, quickly becoming one of the most used tools for money transfers or purchases as it offers mostly free and instantly-settled transactions.

The study, which is based on data from research and intelligence firm PCMI, showed Pix is expected to account for 44% of Brazil’s online payment market by the end of 2025, while credit cards were seen with a 41% slice.

A previous version of the study released earlier this year had projected Pix to nearly match credit cards in the local online market only by the end of 2026.

Ebanx director of country growth for Latin America Juliana Etcheverry told Reuters that Pix has led a financial inclusion approach that encouraged more merchants to offer the instant payment method.

“It’s a chicken-and-egg scenario, a virtuous cycle,” she told Reuters.

According to the central bank, by late 2022 some 71.5 million Brazilians had been included in the financial system through Pix.

Its growth between retail and travel sectors in the digital market also explains the greater outlook for Pix, Etcheverry said.

Brazil’s central bank is expected to launch new Pix features in the next years, including the option to pay through installments, that could make it more of a threat to credit cards.

According to Etcheverry, some former credit card users are already switching to Pix.

The outlook for credit cards did not change much from the previous study, with both predicting a decline from the 49% share of the e-commerce market they had in 2023.

Still, Etcheverry does not believe Pix will end up killing cards. “The cards industry is also investing in protocols, in features that would also make them keep growing in the market.”

Original Story: Yahoo Finance | Author: Reuters | Date: 03.09.2024
Edition: Prime Yield

More than 40 per cent of Brazil’s adult population is in arrears

Default affects 41.25 per cent of Brazil’s adult population, or 67.98 million consumers. The figure refers to the July 2024 indicator of the National Confederation of Shopkeepers (CNDL) and the Credit Protection Service (SPC Brasil). The percentage of defaulters also increased by 0.38 per cent compared to the same period last year.

The most significant number of debtors in July was in the 30 to 39 age group (23.67 per cent). According to the estimate, there are 16.77 million people registered as debtors in this age group, which means that half (49.31 per cent) of Brazilians in this age group are in debt.

In July, each negative consumer owed an average of R$4,358.95 in all their debts. In addition, each defaulter owed an average of 2.10 creditor companies, considering all these debts.

The number of debts in arrears in July grew by 2.25 per cent compared to the same period in 2023. The figure for the seventh month of this year was higher than the annual variation seen in the previous month. Even so, from June to July, the number of debts fell by -0.57%.

Original Story: Exclusivo | Author: Michel Pozzebon
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Personal Credit

Retail association predicts drop in defaults in July

The default rate on credit cards, overdrafts, personal loans and other types of consumer credit should fall to 5.42% in July, according to a forecast by the Brazilian Institute of Retail & Consumer Market Executives (Ibevar) and the FIA Business School.

This figure represents a fall of 0.15 percentage points (p.p.) compared with the last real figure published in May 2024, and is an average within the range of 5.13% to 5.7% calculated taking into account a reduction in payment arrears calculated by the Central Bank (BC) – those exceeding 90 days.

In June, the National Confederation of Commerce (CNC) calculated that the percentage of Brazilians in debt remained at 78.8%, which, according to the organisation, indicates a stabilisation in the demand for credit by families.

However, the number of families that were late with their bills, as recorded by the Central Bank, reached the highest percentage since 2024, the CNC said.

Original Story: CNN Brazil | Author: Marien Ramos
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Rio de Janeiro

Default reached 68.76 million consumers in Brazil in May

The total number of defaulters in Brazil remained at 68.76 million in May, repeating April’s result – the highest in the survey’s historical series. This figure represents 41.79 per cent of adult Brazilians. Compared to the same month last year, the percentage of defaulters in Brazil fell slightly by 0.04 per cent. The data comes from the National Confederation of Shopkeepers (CNDL) and the Credit Protection Service (SPC Brasil).

“Unforeseen circumstances, a reduction in income and a lack of control over the budget are major reasons for default and the priority ends up being to pay those bills that have had their services cut off, such as internet, telephone, water and electricity,” says CNDL president José César da Costa.

The survey, based on information from the capitals and inland cities of all 26 Brazilian states, as well as the Federal District, shows that people aged between 30 and 39 account for the largest proportion of debtors, at 23.69 per cent. As for the gender of defaulters, women account for 51.14 per cent and men 48.86 per cent.

When all outstanding debts are added together, the average debt of defaulters is R$4,445.19. According to the data, each negative consumer owed an average of 2.10 creditor companies. The figures also show that almost three out of every ten consumers (30.70 per cent) had debts of up to R$500, a percentage that rises to 44.72 per cent when it comes to amounts of up to R$1,000.

Original Story: Mercado e Consumo | Data: 19.06.2024
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

NPL sales to reach R$60 billion by 2024

In a country that can’t stop having less than 70 million people with their names on the books of SPC Brasil and Serasa, the volume negotiated in the NPL (Non Performing Loans) market, i.e. the sale of defaulted portfolios by ceding companies, is expected to reach R$60 billion by 2024.

And depending on the performance of the Desenrola Brasil programme (the non-payment of the instalments of the negotiated agreements), this figure could rise even further, with more defaulted portfolios possibly being put up for sale at the end of this year.

The sale of defaulted portfolios by ceding companies ended the first three months of the year with R$18 billion in credit made available.

According to a survey carried out by Recovery, an Itaú Group company that is a leader in credit recovery in Brazil, the figures for 2024 represent growth over the first quarter of 2022, when the balance available to the market was R$14.5 billion, an increase of 28%.

Recovery manages more than R$150 billion in defaulted loans and currently has more than 35 million clients with active debts. In other words, just over half the number of people registered with Serasa.

Also according to Serasa, of the total debts of delinquent consumers negatived in January this year, 59.7% (or 6 out of 10) were regularised or renegotiated within 60 days of the reference month.

The data comes from Serasa Experian’s Credit Recovery Indicator and also shows that accounts worth more than R$10,000 were the most successful, with 70.8 per cent of payments.

The number of defaulters in the country increased further in April 2024, compared to April 2023, and reached 68.76 million Brazilians.

The indicator carried out by the National Confederation of Shopkeepers (CNDL) and the Credit Protection Service (SPC Brasil) shows that four out of ten adult Brazilians (41.82 per cent) were in debt in April 2024.

And this greater indebtedness is also evident in micro-enterprises and MEIs. For example, the strong growth in productive microcredit combined with the increase in the number of informal entrepreneurs and the lack of financial knowledge can create a problem for those who wish to have their own business: debt.

In the last three years, up to December 2023, the number of loans released rose by 45% and, from December 2019 to the end of last year, the average value of the loans requested registered a real gain of 16.79%.

Original Story: JC Negócios – UOL | Author: Fernando Castilho
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Desenrola programme ends below potential

The Treasury says the result was ‘great’; in the market, however, the impression is that the programme has not reached its potential.

The Desenrola Brasil programme ended Monday with results below potential, although the figures are considered significant by the Ministry of Finance and analysts. Updated figures show that almost 15 million people benefited from the renegotiation of R$52.42 billion in debts in all phases of the programme.

The potential was to reach around 30 million just in the phase with a guarantee from the National Treasury, considered a priority by the government, in which around 5 million consumers took part.

Targeted by the initiative, the ‘negative’ public remained at around 70 million, but the economic team and experts believe that the programme has halted the worsening in general default. In terms of bank debts, the percentage of arrears of more than 90 days fell by 1 percentage point for those earning up to two minimum salaries – compared to a fall of 0.4 percentage points for the average individual, between July 2023 and February.

The Ministry of Finance argues that the programme had ‘great’ results, especially considering the low commitment of public money. In the market, however, the impression is that it didn’t reach its potential, especially the part aimed at the low-income population, with a Treasury guarantee, where debts had an average discount of 83 per cent.

Campaign promise

Among the reasons for the frustration, financial sector executives cite access difficulties and communication problems. But there is an understanding that, after the adjustments, only those who didn’t want to clear their name with Desenrola didn’t.

A campaign promise by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Desenrola was launched in July 2023 to settle debts contracted between 2019 and 2022 and impacted by the pandemic. Initially, it was due to end in December, but Track 1, for the low-income population, was extended twice.

At the start, participating banks cleared the names of customers who had debts of up to R$100 – benefiting 7 million people. At the same time, financial institutions began renegotiating bank debts with their own customers with monthly incomes of up to R$20,000. In this modality, 3 million people negotiated liabilities of R$26.5 billion – R$2.1 billion after discounts.

Finally, in October, the most eagerly awaited phase was launched, Track 1, aimed at the low-income population, with a Treasury guarantee in the event of default. In this stage, in addition to bank debts, debts such as electricity and water bills, educational fees or retail purchases were included.

This option was available until Monday for people who earn up to two minimum wages or are registered on the government’s Single Registry for social programmes, with debts of up to R$20,000. The instalment conditions are special: up to 60 months, with interest of up to 1.99% per month. R$8 billion was made available for the Operations Guarantee Fund (FGO), in order to guarantee any default.

On average, the discounts were 83% for a stock of R$151 billion in debts registered in the system, from 654 creditors. The potential was to reach 32 million people. Of these, 4.93 million took part in this phase of the programme, reducing liabilities from R$24.91 billion to R$3.6 billion so far. R$1.7 billion has been used up from the FGO.

«For the vast majority of people in debt, Desenrola was a great opportunity. It was a chance to rebuild their credit score for the market», summarises Rafael Baldi, director of Products at Febraban.

The most negotiated debt was related to credit cards, such as revolving credit cards, accounting for 44 per cent of agreements. The average discount for this segment was 96 per cent. The law that created Desenrola limited the amount of interest to 100 per cent of the original amount as of January this year.

«If we look at the programme as a whole, it’s a great result with minimal public resources, with great gains in regulation and cooperation between the players to enable this result» said Quênio França, Programme Director at the Ministry of Finance, highlighting the ‘innovative’ experience of bringing together banks, more than 600 creditors and a billion-dollar debt universe.

Impact of fake news

Part of the public preferred to pay cash. Of the R$14.2 billion in debts negotiated directly on the Desenrola website, R$3.1 billion were paid on the spot. In addition, the director explained that there were agreements reached through other channels. According to Serasa, negotiations on its own platform increased by almost 10 per cent during Desenrola compared to the same period last year, to 33 million.

«We do see it as a programme that worked. Of course it wasn’t going to get 72 million people out of default, but it did manage to help several families» said Aline Maciel, Serasa’s manager.

Original Story: O Globo | Author: Thais Barcelos
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Delinquency rises in Q1, but falls for 8th consecutive month, says Boa Vista

The number of defaulters in Brazil ended the first quarter of the year up 4.5% compared to the same period in 2023, according to data from Boa Vista. However, on a monthly basis, the indicator fell by 0.46 per cent in March compared to February in the seasonally adjusted series, marking the eighth consecutive decline.

In the original data series, the indicator slowed from 3.0 per cent in February to 2.1 per cent in March 2024.

This was the eighth consecutive decline in the indicator, which was already expected given the improvement in the underlying factors from month to month, especially the employment figures,’ says Boa Vista economist Flávio Calife.

Boa Vista’s Credit Recovery Indicator increased by 11.83 per cent in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023. On a seasonally adjusted monthly basis, the indicator expanded by 0.46 per cent in March, and on a 12-month cumulative analysis, it fell from 20.6 per cent in February to 19.7 per cent in March.

Credit recovery has shown strong growth in recent months, driven by the improvement in consumers’ financial conditions, with an increase in real income and a reduction in debt, as well as the debt renegotiations provided by the Desenrola programme,’ adds Calife.

Original Story: Infomoney
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Default affects 28.6 per cent of families, says CNC

Brazilians were both more indebted and more in arrears between February and March, according to the National Confederation of Trade in Goods, Services and Tourism (CNC).

The proportion of families with overdue bills rose from 77.9 per cent in February to 78.1 per cent in March, according to the Consumer Indebtedness and Default Survey (Peic). However, the result is still lower than a year earlier, in March 2023, when 78.3 per cent of households were in debt.

“This result shows an increased demand for credit by families, taking advantage of lower interest costs,” the CNC said in its release of the study.

For the purposes of the survey, debt is defined as accounts payable in the form of credit cards, overdrafts, store bills, payroll loans, personal loans, post-dated cheques and car and house payments.

Delinquency

After five consecutive months of decline, the proportion of consumers with overdue bills rose from 28.1 per cent in February to 28.6 per cent in March. In March, the proportion of households in arrears was higher at 29.4 per cent.

“This increase in arrears is also reflected in the increase in the proportion of families who will not be able to pay their debts, which is the most complex group of defaulters, but with a difference of only 0.1 percentage points and in this case already exceeds the indicator for the same month last year,” the CNC said.

The proportion of families who said they were unable to pay their debts and therefore remained in arrears rose from 11.9 per cent in February to 12.0 per cent in March. The result is still higher than in March 2023, when 11.5 per cent were in this situation.

“In order to increase their disposable income, families have been trying to extend the deadline for paying off their debts. So much so that the time spent in debt reached 7.1 months in March 2023, the highest level since April 2022,” said CNC economist Izis Ferreira in a statement.

Poorer people drive up debt and defaults

From February to March, the increase in debt and defaults was driven by lower income families. In the group with a monthly family income of up to three minimum wages, the proportion of people in debt rose from 79.2 per cent in February to 79.7 per cent in March.

In the lower middle class, with incomes between three and five minimum wages, the proportion of people in debt fell from 79.5 per cent in February to 79.3 per cent in March. In the group earning between five and ten minimum wages, there was a fall from 75.8 per cent to 75.0 per cent. In the group earning more than 10 minimum monthly wages, the share remained stable at 71.4 per cent.

In terms of arrears, the proportion of families in arrears in the group with a monthly family income of up to three minimum wages rose from 35.8 per cent in February to 36.4 per cent in March.

In the lower middle class, with incomes between three and five minimum wages, the proportion of defaulters remained at 26.0 per cent in March, the same as in February. In the group earning between five and ten minimum wages, there was an increase from 20.5 per cent in February to 20.7 per cent in March. In the group earning more than 10 minimum monthly wages, the proportion of defaulters fell from 14.6 per cent to 14.3 per cent.

Original Story: Isto é Dinheiro
Translation and Edition: Prime Yield

Axios Capital announces R$200 million fund to buy NPL from the rural sector

Axios Capital, a holding company that owns an investment bank, a securitisation company and a business consultancy based in Poços de Caldas (MG), has announced the creation of a fund aimed at negotiating debt in the rural sector based on NPLs (non-performing loans). The fund, called Axios Special Situations I, is starting with an investment of around R$70 million, but the aim is to build up an initial capital of R$200 million.

The assets, backed by rural property guarantees, will be accumulated through the interest of professional investors, individuals and companies, with average contributions of R$10 million per shareholder. Axios is counting on the financial partnership of Stark Investment Bank, based in São Paulo (SP), a digital bank with R$2.5 billion under negotiation and R$600 million in completed transactions, according to the institution.

“Our thesis is to invest in distressed debt with a high degree of asymmetry, with the possibility of buying the assets at a significant discount and with solid coverage,” says Hugo Lopes de Barros, co-founder and CEO of Axios Group. According to the Central Bank, NPLs across all sectors of the economy in Brazil currently exceed R$400 billion in overdue debt.

In its current operations, Axios allocates 70 per cent of its investments to non-performing loans and single names, with guarantees and realisable assets guarantees and realisable equity valued at 150 per cent of the amount invested – which, in its new fund, will be backed by the value of forced sales of rural properties and other assets. The other 30 per cent of investments will normally be used to acquire judicial assets in special situations, distressed real estate assets, distressed real estate assets (i.e. overdue bank loans), credit rights (i.e. overdue bank loans), credit rights, precatórios, pre-precatórios and other lawsuits of this nature, all with final judgements.

Edition and translation: Prime Yield
Original Story: Forbes Brazil
Photo: Axios

Household delinquency in Brazil at 22-month low

Default rates are at their lowest level in 22 months. This is indicated by a monthly survey carried out by the National Confederation of Trade in Goods, Services and Tourism (CNC). The percentage of households in arrears closed January at 28.3%, the lowest level since March 2022.

And defaults fell more among lower-income families. The survey registered a drop of more than 3 percentage points year-on-year; 35% of families with an income of up to 3 minimum wages are in default. Despite finding it more difficult to pay, almost 30% of these consumers believe they are little in debt.

Felipe Tavares, CNC’s chief economist, believes that the figures show a positive scenario for lower-income families in 2024.

With regard to debt, 78% of families reported having debts due in January, an increase of 0.5 percentage points compared to December.

Original Story: Agência Brasil | Author: Fabiana Sampaio
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

The proportion of those indebted rose to 77.6% in December, while those failing to pay fell to 28.8%

Brazilians became more indebted between November and December 2023, while defaults improved slightly, according to the National Confederation of Trade in Goods, Services and Tourism (CNC). On an annual average, indebtedness fell in 2023 for the first time since 2019, while defaults peaked at almost a third of the population, the organisation said in its Consumer Indebtedness and Default Survey (Peic).

The proportion of households with overdue bills rose from 76.6% in November to 77.6% in December 2023. However, the result is still lower than a year earlier, in December 2022, when 78.0% of households were in debt.

“Indebtedness is fundamental to economic development, as credit is the springboard of the capitalist system,” CNC chief economist Felipe Tavares said in an official statement. “Default is a negative consequence of indebtedness, caused by the low income of Brazilians and the volatility of the country’s economy,” he added.

For the purposes of the survey, debt is defined as accounts due in the form of credit cards, overdrafts, store bills, payroll loans, personal loans, post-dated cheques, and car and house payments.

“The increase in indebtedness in the last month raises a point of attention in relation to the indebtedness of Brazilian families, given the high percentage of indebted families. Despite the high percentage of indebted families, family debt as a percentage of GDP is around 30%, which is not a high percentage compared to the US market, where family debt represents 73% of US GDP,” the CNC study added.

The proportion of consumers with overdue bills fell from 29.0% in November to 28.8% in December 2023. In December 2022, the share of delinquent households was higher at 30.0%.

The proportion of families who said they were unable to pay their arrears and therefore remained in arrears fell from 12.5% in November to 12.2% in December 2023. This is still higher than in December 2022, when 11.3% were in this situation.

Annual average

In 2023, the annual debt rate stood at 77.8% of the population, just 0.1 percentage points lower than in 2022.

“The decrease in the overall Peic indicator, although small, represents a victory in relation to the worrying evolution of household indebtedness,” says the CNC report, stressing, however, that eight out of ten Brazilians still have debt in their name.

The annual default rate will rise from 28.9% in 2022 to 29.5% in 2023. The average proportion of those who said they were unable to pay their outstanding debts also rose, from 10.7% to 12.1% over the period.

“This confirms the importance of well-structured debt renegotiation programmes, such as Desenrola, which is already showing results, with a fall in this indicator in the last quarter of the year, from 13% in October to 12.2% in December last year,” the CNC defended.

Original Story: UOL | Estadão Conteúdo
Translation: Prime Yield
Photo: Free Images /BrunoNeves

Brazil’s PIX a threat to credit cards, but a boon for banks

The market for credit cards and debit cards is going to get smaller in Brazil, as PIX, the country’s instant payment system, expands its reach and features. 

Launched in November 2020 by the Brazilian Central Bank (BCB) to foster competition in financial services, PIX became so popular that, by the end of last year, 77% of the Brazilian population had used it. 

The central bank is also studying new functionalities such as PIX International and PIX Automatico, with the latter to be launched next year to facilitate recurring payments.

While credit cards are growing alongside electronic payment systems in the country, they are losing ground to PIX. 

The first quarter of this year was the first where the number of PIX transactions surpassed those made with credit and debit cards combined. PIX transactions for the first quarter of 2023 totalled 8.1 billion, versus 4.2 billion credit card and 3.8 billion debit card transactions, according to BCB data. 

Challenges for card networks

PIX Garantido, also known as PIX Credit, another modality in the making, could represent the coup de grâce for credit cards as it will enable payments by instalment without the use of one.

This makes the solution especially attractive for the segments of the population that cannot afford credit cards. 

“Brazil is on the verge of a potential revolution in payments as people will no longer need credit cards to do instalment purchases,” says Carlos Scharfstein, partner at Stocche Forbes Advogados.

“When you use a credit card, you are paying fees to at least three service providers. PIX is a system created by the government that is free and that can do the same thing. It means that credit card companies and related businesses, such as credit card machine readers [so-called ‘POS machines’] may suffer and will have to reinvent their business model. And if you take a look at the stock market, you’ll see how the companies that rely very heavily on the use of credit cards are suffering,” says Mr Scharfstein.

Therefore, “MasterCard and Visa are presenting themselves more and more as technology companies instead of credit card networks”, Mr Scharfstein remarks.

Despite this, it seems card schemes do not realise what is happening, “because they’re increasing fees and coming up with new ones”,  says Ralf Germer, CEO and co-founder of payments platform PagBrasil.

PIX makes banks stronger

Banks have proved to be more resilient to PIX’s success despite initial woes. 

When PIX was launched, Brazil’s banks worried about losing all of their revenues from transfers. “But now, most payments go through banks,” says Mr Germer. 

For instalment purchases, the banks where the PIX key for the transaction is registered will guarantee the payout to the merchant in advance. As a result, lenders charge fees to merchants in exchange, to cover the risk. This means PIX Credit will bring additional revenue streams from payments to banks, says Mr Germer.

The larger revenue stream of banks doesn’t come from the use of credit cards, but rather credit itself, explains Mr Scharfstein.

A lot of challenger banks and neobanks in Brazil — such as BS2, Neon, Original, Next and Nubank — among others, started with the belief that they could build a sustainable business model by only offering credit and debit cards to low-income customers. 

After four or five years, they came to the conclusion that such a proposition was not feasible, Mr Scharfstein adds, and they either changed their business model or broadened their services to rely more heavily on credit and other services not related to payments. 

Meanwhile, some banks have already leveraged the open-source technology of PIX to release their own versions of PIX credit, which are often referred to as PIX Parcelado: literally “PIX in instalments”.

Original Story: The Banker | Barbara Pianese 
Photo:Deposit Photos
Edition: Prime Yield

Caixa’s default rate is the lowest among large banks thanks to Desenrola programme

Caixa’s default rate fell to 2.59% in October, from 2.67% in September. According to the institution, it reached the lowest level among the country’s big banks. The drop was greater, of 0.24 percentage points, compared to August, when the index reached 2.83%.

According to the bank’s vice-president of risk, Henriete Bernabé, one of the factors behind the drop is Desenrola Brasil. She said in a statement that the programme encouraged customers to seek out Caixa to renegotiate debts, regardless of whether they fit the Desenrola criteria or not.

She also says that the bank’s own renegotiation programmes, such as Tudo em Dia, and the evolution of collection processes have also influenced the movement. “Caixa has very attractive conditions for renegotiating defaulted loans in general. Discounts can reach 95 per cent,” he adds.

According to the bank, the total credit portfolio closed October at R$1.1 trillion, with more than R$700 billion in property loans.

According to Caixa, the reduction in the delinquency rate is despite the fact that credit has continued to be granted, which is different to the market trend. The institution said that it “endeavours to offer credit with conditions suited to the client’s profile and with the best market rates. This favours default,” according to Henriete.

Caixa’s expectation is that the default rate will continue to fall. For the vice-president, the trend for 2024 is positive.

“Considering the expectation of a reduction in the Selic rate, added to the control of the inflation index, the reduction in the unemployment rate and also a possible increase in jobs with the direct and indirect generation of jobs, through the Minha Casa Minha Vida and Novo PAC programmes, an improvement in families’ financial conditions is expected,” she said in the note.

Original Story: Valor Investe | Staff
Photo: Caixa building
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Survey shows that 13% of Brazilian can’t pay basic bills

Research carried out by Serasa and Flexpag on the profile of profile of Brazilian indebtedness in 2023 shows that 13 per cent of people in debt in Brazil are unable to pay basic bills such as bills such as electricity, water or gas. Eight out of ten have reduced their consumption of these services, which appear among the three biggest expenses for another year, accounting for 24 per cent of the household budget, behind supermarkets (34 per cent in recent years and 33 per cent in the last 12 months) and credit cards (with 26 per cent and 29 per cent respectively), respectively).

In the online survey carried out in October, in partnership with the Opinion Box research institute, 11,541 people aged 18 and over were interviewed who are included in Serasa’s database of defaulters throughout Brazil. For 53 per cent of those interviewed, spending on basic bills takes up the biggest chunk of their monthly budget.

In 82% of cases, the value of the bills is up to R$750. Among those interviewed, 83% said they had already delayed other bills in order to prioritise paying for water, electricity or gas. A further 61 per cent have borrowed money from friends and family to pay a bill; 49 per cent have already taken out a loan and 45 per cent have had their supply cut off due to arrears.

Original Story: Canal Energia | Sueli Montenegro 
Photo:Photo by Cesar Fermino on FreeImages
Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Rio de Janeiro

Brazilian credit market slows down but it’s healthier

Confirming An expected scenario, the Central Bank’s financial stability report shows that the risk appetite of financial institutions fell in the first half of the year, as well as the supply of credit to families and companies, as a result of the restrictive monetary policy and the increase in default rates.

Banks also increased their provisions, which, while contributing to the resilience of the Brazilian system, led to a slowdown in their portfolio profitability by 6 percent in the 12 months through June. “The good news is that financial institutions are improving their credit analyses and, consequently, the quality of their portfolios”, said Central Bank’s oversight director, Aílton Aquino.

While the growth of real estate and payroll credit lines remained more or less stable for individuals, the active credit card portfolio has slowed sharply due to the bank’s more conservative approach, from around 30 percent per year in December 2022 to 15 percent in June. As a result, credit card stock also slowed, reaching BRL 505 billion – around 2 percent growth from December last year, compared to a 26 percent increase between the previous half-year periods.

Amid the heated debate over the need for congressionally mandated regulations on revolving credit by January 2024, data from the Central Bank’s report shows how much credit cards have weighed on family budgets, especially in the post-pandemic period. The burden of credit cards on personal income rose from 23.6 percent in 2019 to 30.7 percent last June. “We clearly see that credit cards have taken an important share of families’ income. It is not surprising that the current discussion on article 28 of the law that created Desenrola, the federal government’s debt renegotiation program, says that the market needs to find a solution to revolving credit interest rates,” Mr. Aquino commented.

In the case of companies, there was also a decline in new lending but an improvement in the share of “problem assets” — those overdue more than 90 days — except for micro and small enterprise, segments where problem assets accounted for 16 percent and 12 percent of the total in June, respectively. “This is a warning sign for the system as the high indebtedness of these firms continues to manifest itself in the materialization of credit risk and there is no sign of this changing in the short term,” Mr. Aquino warned. In the report, the Central Bank reiterated that it does not see any risks for the Brazilian financial system related to the increase in Fed interest rates in the U.S., or other external factors. Capitalization levels, liquidity, and provisions — well above the risk of individual and corporate loan portfolios — are adequate, “putting the Brazilian financial system in a comfortable position to face more extreme situations,” Mr. Aquino said. 

For Mr. Aquino, Brazil is prepared for any shock. “Stress tests have shown the robustness of our system.” According to him, because of the Brazilian market’s low exposure to external financing (15 percent), any adverse scenario in which institutions and companies find it more difficult to raise funds abroad would not have a significant impact on the system as a whole.

Original Story: The Brazilian Report | Fabiene Ziolla Menezes
Photo: Photo by Bruno Leiva in FreeImages.com
 Edition and translation: Prime Yield

Brazil’s bank lending up 0.8% in September but continues do decelerate over 12 months

Outstanding loans in Brazil rose 0.8% in September from the month before to 5.576 trillion reais, according to central bank data.

The 12-month growth rate of bank credit slowed down to 8%, down from 9% in August, marking a continued trend of deceleration amid elevated borrowing costs.

In the last week of October, central bank reduced interest rates by 50 basis points for the third consecutive time, bringing them to 12.25%. The bank kicked off an easing cycle in August, following nearly a year of maintaining rates unchanged at cycle-high levels in its battle against inflation.

In the minutes of its policy decision, the central bank said that the deceleration in credit extension aligns with the current monetary policy stance, with corporate credit granting experiencing a more pronounced slowdown.

“Household credit, in turn, shows lower deceleration and a recovery favoring low-cost modalities,” it said.

A broad default ratio for both Brazilian consumers and businesses in non-earmarked credit remained stable at 4.9% for the month.

Lending spreads fell to 32.0 percentage points in September from 32.3 percentage in August.

Original Story: Yahoo Finance | Reuter
Photo:Photo by BrunoNeves in FreeImages
Edition: Prime Yield

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